Gender differences in respiratory muscular movements in reading Japanese and English texts by JL1 and JEFL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36505/ExLing-2018/09/0013/000346Keywords:
Gender difference, Japanese speakers, Reading, EnglishAbstract
We conducted physiological experiments to examine gender differences in (A) the respiratory muscles used, (B) the stories read, and (C) the language spoken. For this purpose, we used respiratory strain-gauge transducers to measure chest and abdominal respiratory muscle movements during the reading of two short stories—one in Japanese ($JL1$) and one in English ($JEFL$)—by Japanese female and male subjects. The findings clarified that: (1) there was a significant gender difference in the control of respiratory muscles; (2) Japanese males utilized the upper and lower chest muscles, as well as the upper abdominal muscles, to a greater extent than females did; (3) the language difference was not significant; and (4) the story difference was feasible.
References
Isei-Jaakkola, T., Ochi, K., & Hirose, K. 2018. Respiratory and respiratory muscular variations in JL1’s and JL2’s text reading utilizing 4-RSTs and a soft respiratory mask with a two-way bulb. In Proceedings of Interspeech 2018. Hyderabad, India.
Saida, H. 2016. Medical Voice Designer Assists You in Your Vocalization Using Newly Developed Voice Maps (in Japanese). Tokyo: Ongaku No Tomo Sha.
Williams, P.L. (ed.). 1995. Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Medicine and Surgery. (38th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.
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Copyright (c) 2018 Toshiko Isei-Jaakkola, Keiko Ochi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
